Kwashiorkor leads to a significant retardation of physical development. The 5yearold boy was referred to hospital for investigation of a persistent anaemia, but on examination was found to have classical features of kwashiorkor. Malnutrition kwashiorkor and marasmus symptoms and treatment see online here one of the most common reasons for the death of almost 300,000 children per year is malnutrition. Physiopathology find, read and cite all the research you need on. Jul 20, 2011 in kwashiorkor the hair of the child will be discolored whereas in the case of marasmus it is just dry and dull.
Kwashiorkor cases occur in areas of famine or poor food supply. If a child uses up energy from carbohydrates starches and lipids fats, their body may begin to use protein for energy the body breaks down protein into energy that can be used. Some children with acute proteinenergy malnutrition develop oedema. Kwashiorkor is most common in countries where there is a limited supply or lack of food.
Using historical, longitudinal study data from the rural area of bwamanda, democratic republic of congo, we investigated the potential causal association between diet and the development of kwashiorkor in 5 657 preschool children followed 3monthly during 15 months. Marasmus involves inadequate intake of both protein and calories. Marasmus is a form of severe malnutrition characterized by energy deficiency. Kwashiorkor is a form of severe protein malnutrition characterized by edema and an enlarged liver with fatty infiltrates.
Differences between marasmus and kwashiorkor all medical stuff. Various explanations for hypalbuminemia in kwashiorkor. While the marasmus occurs due to energy deficiency, kwashiorkor is attributed to protein deficiency, the two being most common in children. List etiology factors for kwashiorkor, and marasmus. Unlike marasmus, kwashiorkor causes the body to retain fluid in the lower legs, feet, arms, hands, and face, leading to a swollen appearance.
Marasmic kwashiorkor article about marasmic kwashiorkor by. The medical team headed by professor ralph henrickse of the liverpool school of tropical medicine 1 has discovered that aflatoxin, a fungus toxin, may be the triggering factor in this disease which also impairs liver function 1. Kwashiorkor and marasmus both fall in category of malnutrition. Marasmus leads to a more extensive impairment of biological functions when compared to kwashiorkor. The two terms do differ with respect to their definition, clinical symptoms, sings, biochemical change. Marasmus affects kids because of a lack of nutritional elements in the diet. Differences between marasmus and kwashiorkor all medical. Treatment of severe protein deficiency in children kwashiorkor. Protruded belly in a child suffering from kwashiorkor. It is a type of malnutrition which is caused when an individual is unable to get enough proteins in the body through food. Kwashiorkor and marasmus are both associated with impaired glucose clearance related to pancreatic. Ramirez prada d1, delgado g, hidalgo patino ca, pereznavero j, gil campos m. Kwashiorkor is the edematous form of protein energy malnutrition. Kwashior and marasmus ppt free download as powerpoint presentation.
Like kwashiorkor, marasmus is caused by a lack of the right types of nutrients. In the case of kwashiorkor, children experience acute proteincalorie malnutrition. Dec 09, 2012 objectives define the definition of malnutrition, kwashiorkor, and marasmus. The word kwashiorkor comes from an african word meaning first child second child. Number of publications with kwashiorkor or oedematous malnutrition. Individuals who have kwashiorkor often have an extremely emaciated. Marasmus occurrence increases prior to age 1, whereas kwashiorkor. Kwashiorkor and marasmus differ in laboratory findings. Treatment of severe protein deficiency in children. He was stunted with both height and weight below the fifth centile and had mild pitting oedema in both legs.
What is the difference between kwashiorkor and marasmus. Jul 22, 2016 marasmus occurs more often in young children and babies. Using of who guidelines for the management of severe malnutrition to cases of marasmus and kwashiorkor in a colombia childrens hospital. Explain assessment findings, laboratory findings in kwashiorkor, and. Your body needs calories, protein, and overall general nutrients to function. Body weight is reduced to less than 62% of the normal expected body weight for the age. It is mostly found in children and infants in subsaharan africa, southeast asia, and central america. It is different than marasmus, a form of malnutrition that is due to lack of calories proteins are responsible for. It occurs due to deficiency of proteins, carbohydrates and fats in the diet. The other form of proteinenergy malnutrition is the condition known as marasmus. P em or proteinenergy malnutrition is a macronutrient deficiency rather than micronutrient deficiency. It is actually a combination of two pediatric diseases very commonly encountered, kwashiorkor and marasmus. Apr 04, 2020 kwashiorkor and marasmus differ in laboratory findings. Kwashiorkor and marasmus describe particular kinds of malnutrition.
Without adequate nutrition, your muscles waste away, your bones. Malnutrition kwashiorkor and marasmus symptoms and treatment. The hair becomes lighter in color and falls out easily. The etiology of kwashiorkor remains enigmatic and longitudinal studies examining potential causes of kwashiorkor are scarce. Marasmic kwashiorkor definition of marasmic kwashiorkor by. Protein is required by the body to produce new cells and repair any damaged cells. Correction of essential fattyacid deficiency in man by the cutaneous application of sunflowerseed oil. Download premium images you cant get anywhere else. The main sign of kwashiorkor is too much fluid in the bodys tissues, which causes swelling under the skin oedema. Sorry, you need the flash player to view these lessons. In other words they are not getting enough protein in their diet which they would use to build and restore tissue in the body. Marasmus is another type of malnutrition that can affect young children in regions of the world where theres an unstable food supply.
Children with kwashiorkor often develop irritability and anorexia. So, these were the few major differences between marasmus and kwashiorkor. Find, read and cite all the research you need on researchgate. It appears that cell mediated immunity is the most seri ously affected parent, chevalier, yulles, et al. The disease is most common among children living in deprived circumstances, are exposed to infections and who eat a monotonous. Kwashiorkor, often known as edematous malnutrition because of its connection with edema fluid preservation, is a nutritional dysfunction frequently observed in areas suffering from famine. It is seen more frequently among children who are younger than.
Marasmus is a form of pem which is characterized by muscle wasting and shrunken appearance of. They then do not have enough protein for other needed bodily functions such as growth and building tissues like bones. This may occur in children four months to five years of age, but is common among kids between one and three. Explain assessment findings, laboratory findings in kwashiorkor, and marasmus. It occurs in areas of famine or areas of limited food supply, and particularly in those countries where the diet consists mainly of corn, rice and beans. Lyle conrad centers for disease control and prevention, atlanta, georgia, usa public health image. Proteinenergy malnutrition kwashiorkor and marasmus. Kwashiorkor is the commonest and most widespread nutritional disorder in developing countries. Signs of marasmus include thinness and loss of fat and muscle without any tissue swelling. Kwashiorkor is a kind of malnutrition that is most often found in children. Marasmus is a form of pem which is characterized by muscle wasting and shrunken appearance of the child.
Marasmic kwashiorkor definition of marasmic kwashiorkor. Difference between kwashiorkor and marasmus kwashiorkor vs. Kwashiorkor patients are characterized by a distended stomach, burns on the skin and diarrhea. In marasmus the skin of the child also becomes thin and wrinkled and loses elasticity, while in kwashiorkor lesions are visible. It takes on a reddish tint, and cracks and ulcers may appear. Difference between kwashiorkor and marasmus difference. Kwashiorkor is a form of severe proteinenergy malnutrition characterized by edema, irritability, anorexia, ulcerating dermatoses, and an enlarged liver with fatty infiltrates. It is prevalent in overpopulated parts of the world where the diet consists mainly of starchy vegetables.
Detailed suggestions for the treatment of children with severe protein malnutrition kwashiorkor are given. Golden and others published marasmus and kwashiorkor. The symptoms of marasmus are physical weakness, flabby body, elevated ribs, depressed eyes, dry skin etc. We compared dietary risk factors for kwashiorkor with those of marasmus. Oedema is an accumulation of fluid in the tissue, especially the feet and legs. Kwashiorkor is a form of proteinenergy malnutrition caused by the inadequate intake of protein with reasonable caloric energy intake. Get a printable copy pdf file of the complete article 810k, or click on a page image below to browse page by page. Kwashiorkor kills millions of young children in the tropical third world 1.
Marasmus occurs more often in young children and babies. Kwashiorkor and marasmus are both associated with impaired glucose clearance related to. Kwashiorkor is a malnutrition sickness precipitated because of deficiency of protein throughout the meals plan of the child whereas on the alternative side marasmus is the malnutrition sickness precipitated because of deficiency of not solely the proteins however moreover the deficiency of energy nutritional vitamins i. Links to pubmed are also available for selected references. The main cause is nutritional imbalance in early childhooda diet very low in protein and dominated by carbohydrates such as cassava, sweet potatoes. Malnutrition kwashiorkor and marasmus symptoms and. It is a type of malnutrition caused by insufficient proteins in the eating habits. Kwashiorkor is a severe form of proteinenergy malnutrition in early childhood. Kwashiorkor is one of the most common nutritional disorders, which are found in the third world countries. These include attention to the fluid and electrolyte imbalances which are likely to characterize the acute case due to secondary complications and instructions for beginning treatment with frequent feedings of milk diluted to half strength. For an undernourished child suffering from kwashiorkor, pitting edema is the characteristic sign.
It is decreased or normal in kwashiorkor while increased in marasmus. Kwashiorkor is a condition related to an inadequate diet. Learn vocabulary, terms, and more with flashcards, games, and other study tools. Objectives define the definition of malnutrition,kwashiorkor, and marasmus. Marasmic kwashiorkor article about marasmic kwashiorkor. Additionally, the lymphocytes are less than 1500microliter, and there is anergy, or lack of. Full text full text is available as a scanned copy of the original print version. Dec 26, 2018 kwashiorkor is one of the most common nutritional disorders, which are found in the third world countries. A case of kwashiorkor in a british child of caucasian origin is described.
Cases in the developed world are rare jamaican pediatrician cicely williams. It can occur in anyone with severe malnutrition but usually occurs in children. Kwashiorkor and marasmus go to outline kwashiorkor. Kwashiorkor simple english wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. Kwashiorkor is the result of severe malnutrition or lack of protein. It is caused by sufficient calorie intake, but with insufficient protein consumption, which distinguishes it from marasmus. Malnutrition is a serious condition occurred due to insufficient intake of nutrients in the diet. Nutr stunted growth, kwashiorkor, and marasmus flashcards. Thirteen children following the whohila protocol showed a significant nutritional status improvement. Its most common in some developing regions where babies and children do not get enough protein or other essential nutrients in their diet. Difference between kwashiorkor and marasmus difference wiki. Find highquality kwashiorkor stock photos and editorial news pictures from getty images. Hence, proteincalorie malnutrition encompasses a group of. Kwashior and marasmus ppt dehydration malnutrition.
Marasmus occurrence increases prior to age 1, whereas kwashiorkor occurrence increases after 18. It was believed to be a disease of protein starvation. Jackson and others published protein energy malnutrition. Using of who guidelines for the management of severe. Protein energy malnutrition has been identified as a major health and nutrition problem in the developing countries which is manifested as marasmus or kwashiorkor. Kwashiorkor is a form of proteinenergy malnutrition pem that occurs when there is not enough protein in the diet. Kwashiorkor is a health condition of poor nutrition from not having enough protein in the diet.
513 1430 850 759 993 1391 844 100 374 472 434 88 43 1303 887 1388 946 337 81 62 1308 403 1187 546 559 833 1238 892 1423 570 893 917 548